Abstract Ingesting food contaminated by pathogens and/or their toxins can cause foodborne illness. In this sense, this study investigated the occurrence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in frozen cheese bread dough and assessed the production and thermosensitivity of SEA in artificially contaminated cheese dough. E. coli counts were determined by MPN. Confirmation of the presence of S. aureus was carried out by biochemical and molecular identification. The detection of the genes sea, seb, sec, and sed was performed using the PCR. The detection of SEA in artificially contaminated cheese dough, before and after baking at 180 ºC for 35 minutes was performed using the RPLA. All samples contaminated with E. coli had NMP < 5.0×102 CFU / g. None of the isolated S. aureus strains expressed the classical enterotoxin genes sea, seb, sec, and sed. However, as there are 23 serologically distinct staphylococcal enterotoxins, we cannot rule out the possibility that strains expressed other enterotoxin-encoding genes. Laboratory tests showed the presence of SEA in cheese bread dough artificially contaminated with SEA-producing S. aureus after 8 h of incubation at 10 or 20 °C. Heat treatment at 180 °C for 35 minutes was not sufficient to inactivate SEA in artificially contaminated cheese bread previously incubated for 24 h at 10 or 20 °C. These results indicate a potential health risk to consumers of cheese bread and underscore the need for ingredient quality control and measures to prevent the multiplication of S. aureus during product manufacture and storage.

The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of the BAX® system for the detection of Salmonella spp. in raw chicken meat. The conventional culture method (IN 62, MAP) was used as a reference method. A total of 8,813 chicken carcass samples were analyzed. In the first part of the study, 1,200 samples were analyzed using the BAX® System and the conventional culture method. In the second part, 7,613 samples were analyzed by the BAX® system, and the conventional method was used only for samples that tested positive for Salmonella spp. by the BAX® system. The sensitivity, specificity, relative accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value obtained in the first part of this study were 100%, 92.3%, 96.4%, 53.3% and 100%, respectively. The BAX® system showed no false-negative results and reduced the time to obtain presumptive positive results. It is a suitable method for use in laboratories that perform a large number of food samples analyses daily. However, the conventional method is still required to confirm the presence of Salmonella spp. in samples that test positive using the BAX® system.

ELISA competitivo indireto (ic-ELISA) baseado em anticorpos monoclonais foi desenvolvido para a detecção de ocratoxina A (OTA) em café verde, torrado e instantâneo. Os reagentes imunológicos necessários à reação consistiram de OTA-BSA (4,76 mg/mL), anti-OTA.7 MAb (diluído 2x10³) e anti IgG-HRP (diluído 10³), apresentando limite de detecção de 3,73 ng OTA/g. Os coeficientes de correlação (r) entre o imunoensaio e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) foram de 0,98 (café verde), 0,98 (torrado) e 0,86 (instantâneo). Ic-ELISA detectou valores superestimados de OTA em relação a CLAE, com valor ELISA/CLAE variando de 0,66 - 1,46 (café verde), 0,96 - 1,11 (torrado) e 0,93 - 1,82 (instantâneo). As recuperações médias de OTA adicionada em café (5 - 70 ng/g) foram de 81,53 % (café verde), 46,73 % (torrado) e 64,35 % (instantâneo) por ELISA, em relação a 80,54 %, 45,91 % e 55,15 % por CLAE, respectivamente. A interferência de matriz no imunoensaio foi minimizada pela diluição das amostras previamente à análise por ELISA. O ic-ELISA desenvolvido pode ser considerado uma técnica alternativa simples, sensível e específica para análise de OTA, contribuindo para a qualidade e segurança de produtos de café.

An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) for ochratoxin A (OTA) detection in green, roasted and instant coffees was developed using anti-OTA monoclonal antibody. Immunological reagents prepared were OTA-BSA (4.76 mg/mL), anti-OTA.7 MAb (2x10³-fold dilution) and HRP-anti IgG (10³-fold dilution). The detection limit was 3.73 ng OTA/g and correlation coefficients (r) between this immunoassay and high performance liquid chromatography were 0.98 for green coffee, 0.98 for roasted and 0.86 for instant. OTA levels detected by ic-ELISA were higher than by HPLC, with ELISA/HPLC ratio of 0.66 - 1.46 (green coffee), 0.96 - 1.11 (roasted) and 0.93 - 1.82 (instant). ELISA recoveries for OTA added to coffee (5 - 70 ng/g) were 81.53 % for green coffee, 46.73 % for roasted and 64.35 % for instant, while recoveries by HPLC were 80.54 %, 45.91 % and 55.15 %, respectively. Matrices interferences were minimized by samples dilution before carrying out the ELISA assay. The results indicate that MAb-based ic-ELISA could be a simple, sensitive and specific screening tool for OTA detection, contributing to quality and safety of coffee products.